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CAS NO.7440-44-0
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Density~1.7 g/mL at 25 ° C (lit.)
Boiling point 500-600 ° C (lit.)
Melting point 3550 ° C (lit.)
Molecular formula C
Molecular weight 12.00
Flash point>230 ° F
Appearance and Characteristics Rod
Vapor pressure<0.1 mm Hg (20 ° C)
Storage conditions
Store in a sealed container, in a cool, dry place, away from sources of fire and oxidants.
Stability
(1) The covalent radius is 77 picometers, the ionic radius (C4+) is 16 picometers, the first ionization energy is 1086.1 kJ/mol, and the electronegativity is 2.5. The number of valence electrons in a carbon atom is equal to the number of valence electron orbitals, making it an equi electron atom. It can form four sigma bonds using sp, sp2, and sp3 hybrid orbitals. With a small carbon atom radius, it can also form p-p π bonds, allowing carbon to form multiple bonds (double or triple bonds). Carbon atoms have a strong ability to form bonds from their own phases, making them particularly abundant in carbon compounds. Diamond is a typical atomic crystal, non-conductive, with the highest hardness, a density of 3.51g/cm3, a melting point of 3550 ℃, and a boiling point of 4827 ℃; Graphite is soft, gray black in color, with a density of 2.25g/cm3 and a melting point of 3652 ℃. It has good heat transfer and conductivity. Carbon disulfide is generated from sulfur at high temperatures. Red hot carbon reacts with water vapor to produce water gas (CO and H2).
(2) At high temperatures, it can react with many metals to form metal carbides. At high temperatures, it has strong reducibility and can reduce some metals or non metals from oxidation. It can be oxidized to carbon dioxide by hot concentrated sulfuric acid or hot concentrated nitric acid. The chemical properties are stable at room temperature. Avoid contact with oxides and halogens.
(3) Has different adsorption energies for various gases and colloidal substances. Has high adsorption capacity for organic pigments and alkaline nitrides.